monete10000 = rbinom(n = 10^6, size = 10000, prob = 0.5) hist(monete10000, col = "orange") indirizzo = "http://www.biostatisticaumg.it/dataset/cholesterol.csv" cholesterol = read.csv(indirizzo, header = TRUE) attach(cholesterol) medieHDLchol = numeric(10000) for (i in 1:10000) {medieHDLchol[i] = mean(sample(HDLchol, size = 100))} par(mfrow = c(1,2)) hist(HDLchol, col = "violet") hist(medieHDLchol, col = "orange") curve(dnorm, from = -3, to = 3) (dnorm(1) == dnorm(-1)) (dnorm(-2.3456) == dnorm(2.3456)) pnorm(-1.23456) 1 - pnorm(1.23456) pnorm(-1) 1 - pnorm(1) pnorm(-1) == 1 - pnorm(1) pnorm(-2.3456) == 1 - pnorm(2.3456) pnorm(1) - pnorm(-1) pnorm(2) - pnorm(-2) pnorm(3) - pnorm(-3) qnorm(0.05) qnorm(0.95) set.seed(987) mu = 3500 sigma = 240 mu + sigma * rnorm(n = 4) set.seed(987) rnorm(n = 4, mean = mu, sd = sigma) (3800 - 3500)/240 set.seed(7155) normali = rnorm(20) hist(normali, col = "orange") uno = rnorm(70) due = exp(uno) par(mfrow = c(1,2)) qqnorm(uno) qqline(uno) qqnorm(due) qqline(due) d1 = sample(1:6, size = 10000, replace = TRUE) d2 = sample(1:6, size = 10000, replace = TRUE) d3 = sample(1:6, size = 10000, replace = TRUE) d4 = sample(1:6, size = 10000, replace = TRUE) d5 = sample(1:6, size = 10000, replace = TRUE) somma = d1 + d2 + d3 + d4 + d5 prodotto = d1 * d2 * d3 * d4 * d5 par(mfrow = c(1,2)) hist(somma, col = "orange") hist(prodotto, col = "violet", xlim = c(0, 2000), breaks = seq(0, 8000, 100)) summary(prodotto) ##### neonati = rnorm(176400, 3500, 420) piccolo = matrix(neonati, ncol = 4, byrow = TRUE) mediacampioni4 = apply(piccolo, MARGIN = 1, FUN = mean) round(piccolo[1,], 0) mediacampioni4[1] round(piccolo[2,], 0) mediacampioni4[2] round(mean(mediacampioni4), 0) round(sd(mediacampioni4), 0) ## prendere nota medio = matrix(neonati, ncol = 9, byrow = TRUE) mediacampioni9 = apply(medio, MARGIN = 1, FUN = mean) grande = matrix(neonati, ncol = 16, byrow = TRUE) mediacampioni16 = apply(grande, MARGIN = 1, FUN = mean) enorme = matrix(neonati, ncol = 25, byrow = TRUE) mediacampioni25 = apply(enorme, MARGIN = 1, FUN = mean) par(mfrow = c(2,2)) hist(mediacampioni4, col = "yellow", xlim = c(2500, 4500)) hist(mediacampioni9, col = "gold", xlim = c(2500, 4500)) hist(mediacampioni16, col = "orange", xlim = c(2500, 4500)) hist(mediacampioni25, col = "red", xlim = c(2500, 4500)) boxplot(mediacampioni4, mediacampioni9, mediacampioni16, mediacampioni25, col = c("darkorange1", "darkorange2", "darkorange3", "darkorange4"))